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Let's say you had one legit $20 and one quite good photocopy of that same $20. If someone were to attempt to spend both the real bill and the imitation one, someone that took the trouble of looking at either of the bills' serial numbers would observe that they were exactly the same number, and thus one of them had to be fictitious.

This isn't a perfect analogy--we will explain in more detail below. .

Once a miner has verified 1 MB (megabyte) worth of Bitcoin transactions, they are entitled to win the 12.5 BTC. The 1 MB limit was established by Satoshi Nakamoto, and can be a matter of controversy, as some miners believe the block size ought to be increased to accommodate more data.

Note that I said that verifying 1 MB value of transactions makes a miner eligible to earn Bitcoin--not everyone who supports transactions will get paid out.

1MB of transactions can technically be little as 1 transaction (though this is not in any way common) or a few thousand. It depends on how much data the transactions take up.

In order to earn Bitcoin, you need to fulfill two conditions. One is a matter of work, one is a matter of luck.

2) You have to be the first miner to arrive at the right answer to a numeric issue. This practice is also known as a proof of work.

The fantastic news: No advanced math or computation is involved. You might have heard that miners are solving difficult mathematical problems--that's not true at all. What they are actually doing is trying to be the first miner to come up with a 64-digit hexadecimal number (a"hash")  which is less than or equal to the target hash.

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The bad news: Since it is guesswork, you need a good deal of computing power in order to get there first. To mine , you need to get a high"hash rate," that is quantified in terms of megahashes per second (MH/s), gigahashes per second (GH/s), and terahashes per second (TH/s).

If you want to estimate how much Bitcoin you can mine along with your mining rig's hash rate, the site Cryptocompare provides a helpful calculator.

Either a GPU (graphics processing unit) miner or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) miner. These can run from $500 to the tens of thousands.  Some miners--especially Ethereum miners--buy individual graphics cards (GPUs) as Web Site a low-cost way to cobble together mining operations.  The photograph below is a makeshift, high-tech mining machine.  The cards are such rectangular blocks with whirring circles.  Note the sandwich twist-ties holding the graphics cards to the metal pole.

ExampleI tell three friends I'm thinking about a number between 1 and 100, and that I write that number on a sheet of paper and seal it in an envelope. My friends don't need to guess the exact number, they just have to be the first person to guess any number that's less than or equal to this number I'm thinking of.

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Let us say I'm thinking about the number 19. If Friend A guesses 21they lose because 21>19. If Friend B supposes 16 and Friend C supposes 12, then they have both technically came at workable answers, since 16<19 and 12<19. There is no"extra credit" for Friend B, even though B's answer was closer to the goal answer of 19. .

In Bitcoin conditions, simultaneous answers happen frequently, but in the end of the day there can only be one winning answer. When multiple simultaneous answers are presented which can be equivalent to or less than the target number, the Bitcoin network will decide by a simple majority--51%--that miner to honour. Normally, it is the miner who has done the work, i.e.

The losing block then becomes an"orphan read this article block." .

Now imagine that I present the"guess what number I'm thinking of" question, however I'm not asking only 3 friends, and I'm not thinking of a number between 1 and 100. Instead, I'm asking millions of would-be miners and I am thinking of a 64-digit hexadecimal number. Now you see that it is going to be quite hard to guess the ideal answer.

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The number above has 64 digits. Easy enough to understand so far. As you likely noticed, that number consists not just of numbers, but also letters of the alphabet. Why is that

In order to understand these letters are doing in the center of numbers, let's unpack the term"hexadecimal."

As you know, we use the"decimal" system, which means it's base 10. This in turn means that every digit has 10 possibilities, 0-9.